Question 1
There were various planning theories which were put forth towards international development project. These planning theories include modernization theory and rational theory. These theories were introduced without the consideration of developing countries which are curbed with poverty. In laying down these planning theories, developed countries were considered as the reference point thus making these theories of no essence to the developing countries. The planning theories of mid twentieth century were ineffective in bringing forth sustainable development in developing world contexts (Sen, 1999). There were various reasons behind the inefficiency. Uncertainty and poverty which are mushrooming in developing countries brought about the inefficiency.
The uncertainties in within the developing countries creates unstable economy making any plans are laid down being inefficient. This is because the developing countries are defined with rapid population increases which affect the laid down planning theory. The rapid population increase brings forth unplanned issues such as environmental degradation. The building up of carbon dioxide occurs. These uncertainties make the planning theory introduced in the mid 20th century being inefficient (Genesha, 2002). To implement plans, requires substantial input including money. Most developing countries are not in a position to support any international development due to poverty. Most of the planning theories are introduced in mind of the developed countries. These plans can not be implemented in developing countries were poverty is the norm of the day.
Modernization theory and rational theory were formulated with the prevailing technology in developed countries. To create a sustainable development plan, technology is a vital parameter. Developing countries are far much behind in technology compared to developed countries. This means that the planning theories which were devised were inefficient to developing countries (Easterly, 2000).
Modernization theory highlights on social changes which occur due to economic revival. Industrialization is the basis of modernization theory. Bureaucratization and urbanization are the defining factors in modernization theory. Many changes are witnessed in various social groups such as education, education and family (George, 2002). This theory is really inefficient in creating sustainable development in developing countries where these changes can not be implemented due to poverty and uncertainties.
By and large however, the failure of these theories in creating a long lasting impression of social and economical changes in the developing word emanated from the complexity of the unstable political and economic structures that characterized such nations. Notably, developing countries have classically been evident of unstable states of governance where the rule of struggle for survival of anarchical leaderships characterized by personal wishes is the order of the day (Edella, William, 1996). Consequently, such governments failed to reach a cordial consensus with which they would put these political theories into real world practice.
Question 2
Most developed countries do not concentrate on uplifting the poverty in developing countries. Instead, they participate in other issues which are of benefit. These include exploration, archives and war. They do not give emphasize on important facilities such as hospital and school which are inadequate in developing world. In addressing poverty in third world countries, Amartya Sen introduces mechanism of dealing with poverty. These involve accountability, governance and capitalism (Sen, 1999). Amartya considers social institutions in alleviating poverty in third world countries. To facilitate alleviation of poverty in developing Sen introduces two approaches. The involvement of institutions is considered the way out of poverty. Formulation of valued oriented ethics is also considered vital.
Amartya has been advocated for his philosophical guidelines towards self governing and controlling the state of economic conquest for the developing countries. Amartya thus advices on the use of the key local resources that are available within such developing nations in creating an overwhelming state of economic benefit for all (Daniel, 2005). Amartya would thus advice that the principle use of economic capitalism where resources endowed in the hands of the productive arm of the economy would virtually act to create a long lasting economic impression of self fit. Elsewhere, he would not leave behind the rationale for accountability (Gaus, 2000). To him, accountability is what brings social and economic responsibility in the use and occupation of the state resources. Implementing a good model of state governance would also be an important tool to embrace. Good governance according to Amartya would help to secure security of the contemporary state resources.
Easterly on the other side gets his focus on the principle ideals of self reliance on the side of the developing nations as the only way with which they would uproot themselves from the anarchical and controlled state of relationship between them and the developing nations. He would thus hesitate over the need for enacted entrepreneurial activities in such countries which would help to make use of the most available local resources for the productivity of the nations. He would also ignore the anarchical help given to these national by the World Bank and the IMF which is basically enslaved with strings attached to it. Wealthy nations such as Canada and United States sideline the developing word. Poverty has been attributed to under payment and exploitation of workforce. Children are considered to participate in creating labor, an issue which affects education thus prompting poverty. Easterly focuses on the setbacks of the World Bank in alleviating poverty (William, Sidnehy, 1998).
Easterly argues that the failure to achieve promises by World Bank is brought about due to violation of economic principles. Provision of incentives to facilitate entrepreneurial practices is the way Easterly deems fit in alleviating poverty (Easterly, 2000). Easterly considers income distribution as a good way of alleviating poverty. He considers income redistribution as a factor to economic growth. Sen and Amartya consider alleviation of poverty in developing countries as the way out in enhancing international development.
There were various planning theories which were put forth towards international development project. These planning theories include modernization theory and rational theory. These theories were introduced without the consideration of developing countries which are curbed with poverty. In laying down these planning theories, developed countries were considered as the reference point thus making these theories of no essence to the developing countries. The planning theories of mid twentieth century were ineffective in bringing forth sustainable development in developing world contexts (Sen, 1999). There were various reasons behind the inefficiency. Uncertainty and poverty which are mushrooming in developing countries brought about the inefficiency.
The uncertainties in within the developing countries creates unstable economy making any plans are laid down being inefficient. This is because the developing countries are defined with rapid population increases which affect the laid down planning theory. The rapid population increase brings forth unplanned issues such as environmental degradation. The building up of carbon dioxide occurs. These uncertainties make the planning theory introduced in the mid 20th century being inefficient (Genesha, 2002). To implement plans, requires substantial input including money. Most developing countries are not in a position to support any international development due to poverty. Most of the planning theories are introduced in mind of the developed countries. These plans can not be implemented in developing countries were poverty is the norm of the day.
Modernization theory and rational theory were formulated with the prevailing technology in developed countries. To create a sustainable development plan, technology is a vital parameter. Developing countries are far much behind in technology compared to developed countries. This means that the planning theories which were devised were inefficient to developing countries (Easterly, 2000).
Modernization theory highlights on social changes which occur due to economic revival. Industrialization is the basis of modernization theory. Bureaucratization and urbanization are the defining factors in modernization theory. Many changes are witnessed in various social groups such as education, education and family (George, 2002). This theory is really inefficient in creating sustainable development in developing countries where these changes can not be implemented due to poverty and uncertainties.
By and large however, the failure of these theories in creating a long lasting impression of social and economical changes in the developing word emanated from the complexity of the unstable political and economic structures that characterized such nations. Notably, developing countries have classically been evident of unstable states of governance where the rule of struggle for survival of anarchical leaderships characterized by personal wishes is the order of the day (Edella, William, 1996). Consequently, such governments failed to reach a cordial consensus with which they would put these political theories into real world practice.
Question 2
Most developed countries do not concentrate on uplifting the poverty in developing countries. Instead, they participate in other issues which are of benefit. These include exploration, archives and war. They do not give emphasize on important facilities such as hospital and school which are inadequate in developing world. In addressing poverty in third world countries, Amartya Sen introduces mechanism of dealing with poverty. These involve accountability, governance and capitalism (Sen, 1999). Amartya considers social institutions in alleviating poverty in third world countries. To facilitate alleviation of poverty in developing Sen introduces two approaches. The involvement of institutions is considered the way out of poverty. Formulation of valued oriented ethics is also considered vital.
Amartya has been advocated for his philosophical guidelines towards self governing and controlling the state of economic conquest for the developing countries. Amartya thus advices on the use of the key local resources that are available within such developing nations in creating an overwhelming state of economic benefit for all (Daniel, 2005). Amartya would thus advice that the principle use of economic capitalism where resources endowed in the hands of the productive arm of the economy would virtually act to create a long lasting economic impression of self fit. Elsewhere, he would not leave behind the rationale for accountability (Gaus, 2000). To him, accountability is what brings social and economic responsibility in the use and occupation of the state resources. Implementing a good model of state governance would also be an important tool to embrace. Good governance according to Amartya would help to secure security of the contemporary state resources.
Easterly on the other side gets his focus on the principle ideals of self reliance on the side of the developing nations as the only way with which they would uproot themselves from the anarchical and controlled state of relationship between them and the developing nations. He would thus hesitate over the need for enacted entrepreneurial activities in such countries which would help to make use of the most available local resources for the productivity of the nations. He would also ignore the anarchical help given to these national by the World Bank and the IMF which is basically enslaved with strings attached to it. Wealthy nations such as Canada and United States sideline the developing word. Poverty has been attributed to under payment and exploitation of workforce. Children are considered to participate in creating labor, an issue which affects education thus prompting poverty. Easterly focuses on the setbacks of the World Bank in alleviating poverty (William, Sidnehy, 1998).
Easterly argues that the failure to achieve promises by World Bank is brought about due to violation of economic principles. Provision of incentives to facilitate entrepreneurial practices is the way Easterly deems fit in alleviating poverty (Easterly, 2000). Easterly considers income distribution as a good way of alleviating poverty. He considers income redistribution as a factor to economic growth. Sen and Amartya consider alleviation of poverty in developing countries as the way out in enhancing international development.
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